阿拉·帕西斯博物馆
This museum on the bank of the Tiber River has been designed as a renewed setting for the Ara Pacis, a sacrificial altar dating to 9 B.C. and now located on the western edge of the Piazza Augusto Imperatore. Planned as part of an effort to protect Rome’s cultural legacy, the new structure replaces the monument’s previous enclosure, which was in a state of advanced decay. The structure consists of a long, single-story glazed loggia elevated above a shallow podium providing a transparent barrier between the embankment of the Tiber and the existing circular perimeter of the mausoleum of Augustus, built circa 28 B.C.
The altar was relocated from the Campo Marzio in 1938 during the Mussolini era, and a system of regulating lines was applied to the project to relate the altar’s present position to its original site. Bisecting the distance between the present center of the mausoleum and the original site yielded a four-square urban grid that was used as a proportional frame to reorganize the piazza and its surroundings. An artificial obelisk is used as a historical reference on the north-south axis through the altar.
The clarity of the volumes and the building’s proportions relate in scale to Rome’s ancient structures. A predominating feature of the new building is a glass curtain wall measuring 150 feet long and 40 feet high.
The asymmetrical entry hall, defined by seven slender columns in reinforced concrete finished with white waxed marble plaster, leads to the main hall, which houses the Ara Pacis. The contrast between the subdued lighting of the entrance space and the expansive top-lit and rigorously symmetrical main hall encourages a naturally progressive circulation. The roof over the main hall rests on four columns with skylights to maximize natural lighting and to eliminate “false shadows.” Outside the main structure, a low travertine wall extending from within the main hall traces the ancient shore of the Tiber River. Building materials include glass and concrete and an indigenous fine beige Roman travertine.
Although housing and protecting the ancient altar was the main focus of this museum, the building also provides space for temporary exhibitions and installations dedicated to archaeological themes and a state-of-the-art digital library of Augustan culture. An outdoor roof terrace above the auditorium functions as an essential part of the circulation of the museum and includes a contiguous bar and café with views over the Mausoleum of Augustus to the east and the Tiber River to the west.
半个世纪以来在罗马市中心建造的第一座现代建筑为珍贵的古迹提供了令人惊叹的新环境。
这座博物馆位于台伯河岸边，为 Ara Pacis 提供了全新的环境，这是一座可追溯至公元前 9 年的祭坛。作为保护罗马文化遗产计划的一部分，新建筑取代了纪念碑之前的围墙，后者是处于高度衰变的状态。新结构由一个长长的单层玻璃凉廊组成，高出一个浅平台，在台伯河堤岸和奥古斯都陵墓的现有圆形周边之间提供透明屏障，奥古斯都陵墓建于大约公元前 28 年。
新建筑力求在各个层面高度尊重其环境。其清晰的体积、比例和规模直接受到罗马古建筑的启发。不对称的入口大厅由七根细长的钢筋混凝土柱组成，上面涂有白色打蜡大理石灰泥，通向设有和平祭祀厅的主厅。在这里，入口空间柔和的灯光与宽敞的顶灯和严格对称的主厅形成鲜明对比，鼓励自然渐进的循环。在主体结构之外，一堵低矮的石灰华墙描绘了台伯河古老的岸边。虽然安置和保护古代祭坛是博物馆的主要焦点，该建筑还为专门针对考古主题的临时展览和装置提供空间，并提供最先进的奥古斯都文化数字图书馆。礼堂上方的室外屋顶露台作为博物馆流通的重要组成部分，包括一个连续的酒吧和咖啡馆，可以看到东面的奥古斯都陵墓和西面的台伯河。
在一项令人印象深刻的技术壮举中，主厅上方的屋顶仅由四根柱子支撑，同时还集成了宽敞的天窗。这种设计最大限度地利用了博物馆内部的自然采光，消除了假影，为古祭坛创造了最自然的观赏环境。
